In 2007, the United Nations General Assembly designated September 15 as the International Day of Democracy. This day serves as an encouragement for governments to enhance and solidify their commitment to democracy. The UN calls upon all governments to actively promote and uphold the principles of democracy on this significant day.

The occasion celebrates the core values of democracy, emphasizing its role as a platform for inclusive public engagement in discussions on matters of importance. UNESCO has played a pivotal role in supporting the peaceful development of societies by actively contributing to the establishment and consolidation of democratic principles.

History and Background

• Establishment: The International Day of Democracy was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in 2007 through a resolution (A/RES/62/7). The first celebration took place in 2008.
• Purpose: The day aims to promote and uphold the principles of democracy, providing an opportunity to review the state of democracy globally and to encourage efforts to strengthen democratic governance.

Objectives and Significance

• Promoting Democratic Principles: The day emphasizes the importance of democratic governance, human rights, and the rule of law as fundamental principles of a free and fair society.
• Encouraging Participation: It encourages all member states, organizations, and individuals to participate in activities that promote democratic values.
• Reviewing Progress: Provides a platform for reflecting on the progress and challenges in implementing democratic principles worldwide.
• Raising Awareness: Aims to raise awareness about the importance of democracy in ensuring peace, development, and respect for human rights.

Themes

Each year, the International Day of Democracy has a specific theme that highlights a particular aspect of democratic governance. Past themes have included:

• 2019: "Participation"
• 2020: "COVID-19: A Spotlight on Democracy"
• 2021: "Strengthening Democratic Resilience in the Face of Future Crises"
• 2022: "The Importance of Media Freedom to Democracy, Peace, and Delivering on the Sustainable Development Goals"

The themes often address current global issues impacting democracy, emphasizing the need for continued vigilance and advocacy.

Activities and Celebrations

• Educational Programs: Schools, universities, and educational institutions organize seminars, workshops, and lectures on democracy and its importance.
• Public Discussions: Governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and community groups hold public discussions, debates, and forums to engage citizens in democratic processes.
• Media Campaigns: Media outlets run campaigns and publish articles highlighting democratic principles and the state of democracy globally.
• Cultural Events: Art exhibitions, theater performances, and film screenings related to democracy and human rights are often organized.
• Political Participation: Some countries and organizations encourage voter registration drives, civic education programs, and other activities to increase political participation.

Global Participation

• United Nations: The UN plays a central role in organizing and promoting activities related to the International Day of Democracy, providing resources and guidelines for member states.
• Governments: Many governments mark the day by reaffirming their commitment to democratic principles and organizing events to engage the public.
• Civil Society: NGOs, think tanks, and advocacy groups use the day to highlight issues related to democracy and to advocate for democratic reforms.
• Individuals: Citizens are encouraged to participate in activities, educate themselves about democratic processes, and engage in civic duties.

Challenges and Issues

• Democratic Backsliding: The day addresses concerns about the erosion of democratic norms, increasing authoritarianism, and the weakening of democratic institutions in some countries.
• Freedom of Expression: Highlights the importance of protecting freedom of speech, press freedom, and the role of independent media in a democracy.
• Civic Participation: Emphasizes the need for inclusive participation, ensuring that all segments of society, including marginalized groups, have a voice in the democratic process.
• Human Rights: Stresses the interconnectedness of democracy and human rights, advocating for the protection and promotion of fundamental rights and freedoms.

How to Participate

• Educate Yourself and Others: Learn about the principles of democracy, current challenges, and ways to strengthen democratic governance. Share this knowledge with others through discussions, social media, or community events.
• Engage in Civic Activities: Participate in local government meetings, vote in elections, join civic organizations, and advocate for policies that promote democratic values.
• Support Free Media: Advocate for press freedom and support independent journalism by subscribing to credible news sources and resisting misinformation.
• Promote Inclusivity: Encourage inclusive participation in democratic processes by supporting initiatives that amplify the voices of underrepresented groups.

Resources

• United Nations Website: Provides official information, themes, and resources related to the International Day of Democracy.
• NGO and Advocacy Groups: Organizations like the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) and others offer resources, reports, and toolkits for promoting democracy.
• Educational Materials: Various educational institutions and platforms provide materials and programs to teach about democracy and civic engagement.

The International Day of Democracy serves as a vital reminder of the ongoing need to nurture and protect democratic institutions and principles. It is a day for reflection, education, and action to ensure that democracy remains a living, dynamic force in societies around the world.