June 4th marks National Cheese Day, an informal celebration dedicated to one of humanity's beloved and timeless foods: cheese. Embracing this day, individuals worldwide are urged to savor cheese in its diverse forms. Whether indulging in cheese fondue, relishing a grilled cheese sandwich, or venturing to taste a new cheese variety, the possibilities are endless. Just take care not to confuse this occasion with other cheese-related holidays like National Grilled Cheese Day, National Cheese Pizza Day, or National Cheese Lover's Day, as proper cheese etiquette demands the distinction.

History of Cheese and National Cheese Day

Cheese-making is an ancient practice that dates back over 7,000 years. Though the exact origins are unclear, it is believed that early cheesemaking developed in the Middle East or Central Asia when animal herders discovered that milk stored in animal skins would curdle and turn into cheese.

Cheese quickly became a staple in many cultures, evolving into hundreds of varieties, each with its distinct flavor, texture, and method of production. Today, cheese is not only a popular food in the U.S. but is also essential in many global cuisines.

The National Cheese Day has become a widely recognized occasion for celebrating cheese in all its forms. It allows cheese lovers to indulge in their favorite varieties, experiment with new recipes, or learn more about the cheese-making process.

Varieties of Cheese

There are over 1,800 types of cheese, and they can be categorized in several ways, including by the type of milk used (cow, goat, sheep, buffalo), the texture (soft, semi-soft, hard), and the aging process. Here are some of the most popular cheese types:

1. Cheddar: One of the most popular cheeses in the U.S., cheddar originated in England and is known for its sharp, tangy flavor. It can range from mild to extra sharp, depending on how long it’s aged.

2. Brie: A soft, creamy cheese with a bloomy rind from France. Brie is mild in flavor and has a buttery, rich texture that makes it perfect for spreading on crackers or bread.

3. Mozzarella: An Italian cheese known for its soft, stretchy texture. Mozzarella is often used in pizza, lasagna, and caprese salad. Fresh mozzarella is highly prized for its delicate flavor.

4. Gouda: A semi-hard cheese that originated in the Netherlands. Gouda is known for its smooth texture and mild, slightly sweet taste. Aged Gouda has a more complex flavor and crumbly texture.

5. Blue Cheese: Known for its strong, sharp flavor and blue veins caused by the mold Penicillium. Varieties include Roquefort, Gorgonzola, and Stilton. Blue cheese is often crumbled over salads or used in dressings.

6. Parmesan: A hard, aged cheese from Italy, often grated over pasta dishes or used in soups. It has a nutty, savory flavor and a granular texture.

7. Feta: A brined curd cheese that originates from Greece, traditionally made from sheep’s or goat’s milk. Feta is crumbly, tangy, and slightly salty, often used in Mediterranean dishes like salads and wraps.

8. Swiss: A mild, semi-hard cheese with distinctive holes, often referred to as "eyes," caused by gas bubbles during the fermentation process. It has a nutty, slightly sweet flavor.

Ways to Celebrate National Cheese Day

National Cheese Day is the perfect time to indulge in your favorite cheese or discover new varieties. Here are some fun and delicious ways to celebrate:

1. Create a Cheese Board: Gather a variety of cheeses, crackers, fruits, nuts, and cured meats to build a visually appealing and delicious cheese board. A mix of soft, hard, and blue cheeses with sweet and savory pairings can create a well-balanced spread.

2. Host a Cheese Tasting Party: Invite friends or family over to sample different types of cheeses from around the world. Include descriptions of each cheese’s origin, flavor profile, and best pairings with wine or other beverages.

3. Cook with Cheese: Cheese is a versatile ingredient that can be incorporated into countless recipes. You can make macaroni and cheese, grilled cheese sandwiches, cheesy casseroles, or cheese-filled pastries. Explore international dishes like French Quiche, Italian Lasagna, or Mexican Queso Fundido.

4. Visit a Local Cheese Shop: Many cities have specialty cheese shops that carry a wide range of artisanal cheeses. On National Cheese Day, visit one of these stores to try cheeses you've never had before and talk with experts about cheese pairings.

5. Try Cheese and Wine Pairings: Cheese and wine are a classic combination. Pair sharp cheddar with Cabernet Sauvignon, Brie with Chardonnay, and blue cheese with Port. Experiment with different combinations to find your favorites.

6. Make Homemade Cheese: For the adventurous, try making your own cheese at home. While some cheeses require special equipment and time to age, fresh cheeses like ricotta, paneer, and mozzarella can be made with basic ingredients.

7. Learn About Cheese-Making: National Cheese Day can also be a day to learn more about the fascinating process of making cheese. You can explore the different methods of producing cheese, how aging affects flavor, and the role that microbes play in the development of certain types of cheese.

Fun Facts About Cheese

• Largest Cheese-Producing Country: The United States is one of the largest producers of cheese in the world, producing over 6 million metric tons of cheese annually.

• Wisconsin’s Cheese Heritage: Wisconsin is known as "America’s Dairyland" and produces the most cheese in the U.S. It is home to over 1,200 cheesemakers and offers a wide range of award-winning cheeses.

• World’s Oldest Cheese: The world’s oldest known cheese, dating back more than 3,200 years, was discovered in an Egyptian tomb. It is believed to be made from a mixture of cow and goat milk.

• Most Popular Cheese in the U.S.: Mozzarella is the most popular cheese in the U.S., largely due to its use in pizza, followed by cheddar.

• Cheese’s Role in Nutrition: Cheese is an excellent source of calcium, protein, and phosphorus. However, it can also be high in fat and sodium, so moderation is key.

• Cheese in Literature: Cheese has made appearances in literature and pop culture. For example, “The Cheese Stands Alone” is a famous line from the children’s nursery rhyme “The Farmer in the Dell.”

Conclusion

National Cheese Day is a delightful opportunity to celebrate the rich history and diversity of cheese. Whether you're a fan of creamy Brie, sharp cheddar, or tangy blue cheese, this day is the perfect excuse to indulge in all things cheese-related. Whether you celebrate by creating a cheese board, hosting a cheese-tasting party, or learning about the cheese-making process, the possibilities are endless for enjoying this versatile and beloved food.