On February 1, the United States annually observes National Freedom Day, commemorating the signing of the resolution that would later become the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Abraham Lincoln, on February 1, 1865, affixed his signature to the document that marked the abolition of slavery. While the resolution underwent subsequent ratification by the states, this momentous act served as the initial stride toward ensuring freedom for all, irrespective of their origins or skin color.

Major Richard Robert Wright Sr., an American civil rights advocate, politician, and former slave, envisioned a day when all Americans would celebrate their liberty. He convened national and local leaders to unite and establish a movement dedicated to honoring the signing of the 13th Amendment by A. Lincoln.

This initiative led to the formation of the National Freedom Association, which proposed designating a memorial date to draw attention to the ongoing struggle for freedom for African-Americans. The day of the 13th Amendment's signing was chosen as the official National Freedom Day.

History and Significance: National Freedom Day was established to honor the signing of the resolution that led to the abolition of slavery in the United States. The day was the brainchild of Major Richard Robert Wright Sr., a former enslaved person, educator, and prominent African American community leader. Wright envisioned a day that would celebrate freedom and encourage harmony and unity among all Americans. He also wanted to ensure that the day recognized the significance of the 13th Amendment in the broader context of American history and civil rights.

On June 30, 1948, President Harry S. Truman signed a bill into law that officially recognized February 1st as National Freedom Day. Although it is not a federal public holiday, National Freedom Day is observed across the country with various ceremonies, educational programs, and community events that focus on the importance of freedom, civil rights, and the ongoing pursuit of equality.

Key Themes of National Freedom Day:

• Abolition of Slavery: National Freedom Day marks the beginning of the end of slavery in the United States, a pivotal moment in American history that paved the way for civil rights advancements.
• Civil Rights and Equality: The day serves as a reminder of the continuous struggle for civil rights and equality for all people, regardless of race, ethnicity, or background.
• Reflection and Remembrance: It is a day to reflect on the sacrifices made by those who fought for freedom and to honor their contributions to the nation’s progress.
• Unity and Harmony: National Freedom Day promotes unity and harmony among all Americans, emphasizing the importance of coming together to support and protect the freedoms and rights of every individual.

Ways to Celebrate National Freedom Day:

• Learn About the 13th Amendment: Take time to read and learn about the 13th Amendment, its history, and its significance in the abolition of slavery. Understanding the context in which the amendment was passed can deepen your appreciation of its impact on American society.
• Visit Historical Sites: If possible, visit museums, historical sites, or monuments related to the history of slavery, abolition, and civil rights in the United States. Locations such as the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C., or the Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad Visitor Center in Maryland provide valuable insights into this history.
• Attend or Organize a Community Event: Participate in or organize community events that commemorate National Freedom Day. These events might include lectures, panel discussions, or cultural performances that explore themes of freedom, civil rights, and social justice.
• Reflect on the Meaning of Freedom: Use this day to reflect on what freedom means to you and how it has shaped your life. Consider writing in a journal, discussing with others, or sharing your thoughts on social media to engage with the broader conversation about freedom and equality.
• Support Civil Rights Organizations: Consider donating to or volunteering with organizations that work to protect civil rights and promote social justice. Your support can help further the cause of equality and freedom for all.
• Teach Others: If you’re a teacher, parent, or community leader, take the opportunity to educate others about the history and significance of National Freedom Day. Use resources like documentaries, books, and online materials to facilitate discussions and learning activities.
• Honor African American History: National Freedom Day also serves as a prelude to Black History Month, which begins on February 1st. Take this opportunity to learn about and celebrate the contributions of African Americans to the nation’s history and culture.

Significant Figures in the Abolition of Slavery:

• Abraham Lincoln: The 16th President of the United States, who signed the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and supported the 13th Amendment to abolish slavery.
• Frederick Douglass: A former enslaved person who became a leading abolitionist, orator, and writer, advocating for the end of slavery and the rights of African Americans.
• Harriet Tubman: An abolitionist and political activist who escaped slavery and became a conductor on the Underground Railroad, leading many enslaved people to freedom.
• Sojourner Truth: An African American abolitionist and women’s rights activist who was born into slavery and became a powerful advocate for freedom and equality.

Interesting Facts About the 13th Amendment and National Freedom Day:

• 13th Amendment Ratification: The 13th Amendment was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, and by the House of Representatives on January 31, 1865, before being ratified by the states later that year.
• First National Freedom Day: The first official National Freedom Day celebration took place on February 1, 1942, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, organized by Major Richard Robert Wright Sr.
• Freedman’s Bank: Following the abolition of slavery, the Freedman’s Savings Bank was established in 1865 to help newly freed African Americans manage their finances and build wealth, although it ultimately faced challenges and closed in 1874.

Conclusion: National Freedom Day is a significant observance that honors the abolition of slavery in the United States and the continued pursuit of civil rights and equality for all. It serves as a reminder of the struggles faced by those who fought for freedom and the importance of protecting the rights and liberties of every individual. On February 1st, take the time to reflect on the meaning of freedom, educate yourself and others about the history of the 13th Amendment, and participate in activities that promote unity, understanding, and justice.