Mark the significance of National Maritime Day on May 22 by commemorating the profound history and customs associated with sailing, fishing, and trade on the expansive sea! Instituted in 1933, this unique day aims to acknowledge the pivotal role ships have played over the course of history in fostering global connections. Whether tracing back to the intrepid explorers of antiquity navigating vast oceans or the contemporary cargo vessels facilitating the movement of goods between continents, our maritime legacy is indeed a cause for celebration.

History of National Maritime Day

National Maritime Day was established to mark the anniversary of the SS Savannah, the first steamship to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The SS Savannah embarked on its historic voyage from Savannah, Georgia, on May 22, 1819, to Liverpool, England, demonstrating the potential of steam power in maritime navigation.

The U.S. Congress officially designated May 22 as National Maritime Day in 1933, recognizing the contributions of the U.S. Merchant Marine and the importance of sea transportation to the nation's growth and security.

During World War II, the role of the U.S. Merchant Marine was especially crucial as they transported troops, supplies, and materials to combat zones. Over 250,000 members of the Merchant Marine served during the war, and many lost their lives in dangerous convoys. National Maritime Day honors their sacrifice and the ongoing service of the maritime industry.

Importance of National Maritime Day

National Maritime Day celebrates:

• The U.S. Merchant Marine: The Merchant Marine consists of civilian mariners who operate commercial ships during peacetime and serve as an auxiliary to the Navy during wartime. Their role is vital to maintaining global supply chains and transporting essential goods.
• America’s Maritime Industry: This includes shipping, shipbuilding, ports, and supporting industries that form the backbone of the U.S. economy. Much of the goods consumed in the United States arrive via sea, and maritime trade plays a crucial role in international commerce.
• National Security: The U.S. Merchant Marine and maritime industry are key to national defense. Merchant mariners transport military personnel, weapons, and supplies, ensuring that the U.S. military has the resources needed for operations worldwide.
• Environmental and Safety Initiatives: National Maritime Day also recognizes efforts within the maritime industry to protect the environment, improve maritime safety, and adopt new technologies for cleaner, more efficient shipping.

How National Maritime Day is Observed

National Maritime Day is observed with a variety of activities, including:

1. Ceremonies and Wreath-Laying Events: Many communities with maritime connections hold ceremonies, often at ports or memorials, to honor those who have served in the Merchant Marine, especially those who lost their lives in service to the country.
2. Ship Visits and Educational Programs: Some ports and maritime organizations open their facilities to the public, offering ship tours and educational programs that highlight the importance of the maritime industry.
3. Proclamations: The President of the United States typically issues a proclamation each year recognizing the significance of the day and calling on citizens to observe it with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
4. Maritime Parades: Some cities or ports may host parades featuring maritime vessels and displays, showcasing the diversity and capabilities of the U.S. maritime industry.
5. Online Commemorations: Due to the global nature of the maritime industry, many maritime organizations and the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Maritime Administration (MARAD) also use digital platforms to honor the day, featuring stories, videos, and tributes to the industry.

The Role of the U.S. Merchant Marine

The U.S. Merchant Marine is a civilian fleet of ships that transport goods and passengers during peacetime and support military operations during wartime or emergencies. Merchant mariners are responsible for the safe operation of these vessels, which are critical to the supply chain.

• Peacetime: The Merchant Marine plays a vital role in international trade, transporting cargo to and from U.S. ports, facilitating economic growth, and ensuring the steady flow of imports and exports.
• Wartime: During times of conflict, the Merchant Marine has a crucial role in supplying the military. During WWII, the Merchant Marine suffered one of the highest casualty rates of any service, with approximately 9,300 mariners losing their lives.

The Jones Act

An important piece of legislation that supports the U.S. maritime industry is the Jones Act (Merchant Marine Act of 1920). This federal law requires that goods transported between U.S. ports be carried on ships that are:

• Built in the United States.
• Owned by U.S. citizens.
• Registered under the U.S. flag.
• Manned primarily by U.S. citizens.

The Jones Act aims to support the domestic shipping industry, ensure national security, and provide jobs for U.S. workers.

Impact of the Maritime Industry

• Economic Contributions: The U.S. maritime industry is a major driver of the economy. U.S. ports handle billions of tons of goods annually, and the maritime industry supports millions of jobs both directly and indirectly. It also contributes to trade, tourism, and the movement of goods.
• Global Trade: As over 90% of global trade is conducted via sea, the U.S. maritime industry plays a pivotal role in maintaining the flow of goods, including food, energy supplies, and manufactured products.
• Environmental Efforts: With a focus on sustainability, the maritime industry is moving towards reducing its carbon footprint. Initiatives include the development of cleaner fuels, improving ship designs for fuel efficiency, and adopting technologies to minimize environmental impacts.

Conclusion

National Maritime Day provides a special opportunity to reflect on the significant contributions of the U.S. Merchant Marine and the entire maritime industry to the country’s economy, security, and global commerce. It is a day to honor the men and women who serve on the seas, transporting goods and passengers while supporting military efforts during times of conflict.

On May 22nd, Americans are encouraged to acknowledge the work of seafarers, celebrate maritime achievements, and recognize the essential role of the maritime industry in maintaining the nation's prosperity and security.